使用 multiprocessing.pool.map 传递 kwargs

问题描述

我想使用 Pool.map() 将关键字参数传递给我的工作函数.在搜索论坛时，我找不到明确的例子.

I would like to pass keyword arguments to my worker-function with Pool.map(). I can't find a clear example of this when searching forums.

示例代码:

import multiprocessing as mp

def worker((x,y), **kwargs):
    kwarg_test = kwargs.get('kwarg_test', False)
    print("kwarg_test = {}".format(kwarg_test))     
    if kwarg_test:
        print("Success")
    return x*y

def wrapper_process(**kwargs):
    jobs = []
    pool=mp.Pool(4)
    for i, n in enumerate(range(4)):
        jobs.append((n,i))
    pool.map(worker, jobs) #works
    pool.map(worker, jobs, kwargs) #how to do this?   

def main(**kwargs):
    worker((1,2),kwarg_test=True) #accepts kwargs
    wrapper_process(kwarg_test=True)

if __name__ == "__main__":    
    main()

输出:

kwarg_test = True
Success
kwarg_test = False
kwarg_test = False
kwarg_test = False
kwarg_test = False
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for //: 'int' and 'dict'

类型错误与解析 multiprocessing.Pool 或 Queue 中的参数有关，我尝试了其他几种语法，例如制作 kwargs 列表；[kwargs, kwargs, kwargs, kwargs]，以及多次尝试将 kwarg 包含在工作列表中，但没有运气.我从 map 到 map_async 跟踪 multiprocessing.pool 中的代码，并达到了task_batches = Pool._get_tasks(func, iterable, chunksize)当我遇到生成器结构时，在 pool.py 中.我很高兴将来能进一步了解这方面的信息，但现在我只是想了解一下:

The type error has to do with parsing arguments inside of multiprocessing.Pool or Queue, and I have tried several other syntaxes, like making a list of the kwargs; [kwargs, kwargs, kwargs, kwargs], as well as several attempts to include the kwarg in the jobs list but no luck. I traced the code in multiprocessing.pool from map to map_async and got as far as task_batches = Pool._get_tasks(func, iterable, chunksize) in pool.py when I encountered the generator structure. I'm happy to learn more about this in future but for now I am just trying to find out:

是否有允许通过 pool.map 传递 kwargs 的简单语法?

Is there a simple syntax for allowing the passing of kwargs with pool.map?

推荐答案

如果您想遍历其他参数，请使用@ArcturusB 的答案.

If you want to iterate over the other arguments, use @ArcturusB's answer.

如果您只想传递它们，并且每次迭代都具有相同的值，那么您可以这样做:

If you just want to pass them, having the same value for each iteration, then you can do this:

from functools import partial
pool.map(partial(worker, **kwargs), jobs)

Partial 将参数绑定"到函数.但是，旧版本的 Python 不能序列化部分对象.

Partial 'binds' arguments to a function. Old versions of Python cannot serialize partial objects though.

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