Mockito:在使用@InjectMocks 时模拟被测试方法调用的

问题描述

我有一个要测试的类，它有几个外部依赖项和几个内部方法.我想为 MethodA 写一个测试，但是 not 有 Method A 对 MethodB 的内部调用来实际执行 MethodB.我想模拟/存根 MethodB 并返回特定的东西.通常我会使用 when/thenReturn 但它的行为不像我预期的那样 - 它实际上在创建模拟本身时跳转到方法 B.

I have a class I want to test that has several external dependencies, and a couple internal methods. I would like to write a test for MethodA, but not have Method A's internal call to MethodB to actually exercise MethodB. I'd like to mock/stub MethodB and return something specific instead. Usually I'd use when/thenReturn but it doesn't behave like I expect - it actually jumps into Method B while creating the mock itself.

MyService.java

@Service
public class MyService {

  @Autowired
  private ServiceA serviceA;

  @Autowired
  private ServiceB serviceB;

    public SomeObject methodA() {
      // some logic using serviceA.method and serviceB.method that creates "output"
      SomeObject someObject = methodB(output);
      return someObject;
    }

    public SomeObject methodB(SomeObject someObject) {
      // deep mysteries done here to someObject
      return someObject 
    }
}

MyServiceTest.java

public class MyServiceTest {

  @Mock
  private ServiceA serviceA;

  @Mock
  private ServiceB serviceB;

  @InjectMocks
  private MyService myService;

  @Before
  public void setUp() throws Exception {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
  }

  @Test
  public void methodATest() {
    when(serviceA.method()).thenReturn(stuff);
    when(serviceB.method()).thenReturn(otherStuff);

    // here is what I would like to do
    when(myService.methodB()).thenReturn(mockedSomeObject); //<- doesn't work

    assertThat(myService.methodA().getSomeObjectProperty())
        .isEqualTo("property");
  }
}

我查看了使用 Mockito.mock(MyService.class) 手动模拟 MyService 类的解决方案，但是(因为上面的示例显然是人为的)我的实际的类有很多外部依赖项，我更喜欢一个解决方案，它仍然允许我使用 @Mock 为 @Autowired 依赖项和 @ 模拟服务InitMocks 用于被测类，除非它根本不可能.

I've looked at solutions that manually mock the MyService class with Mockito.mock(MyService.class), but (as the above example is obviously contrived) my actual class has quite a few external dependencies and I'd prefer a solution that still allows me to mock the service using @Mock for the @Autowired dependencies and @InitMocks for the class under test, unless it's simply not possible.

我试过了:

Mockito.doReturn(mockedSomeObject).when(myService.methodB(any(SomeObject.class));

但在为该方法创建模拟时也会进入 MethodB，这不应该发生.

but that also steps into MethodB when creating the mock for that method, which shouldn't be happening.

提前感谢您的帮助！

推荐答案

尝试将@Spy 添加到您的 InjectMocks 并使用该对象以稍微不同的语法预期"它们.

Try Adding @Spy to your InjectMocks and use the object to "expect" them in a slightly different syntax.

导入 org.mockito.Spy;

 @InjectMocks
 @Spy
 private MyService myService; 

现在模拟服务调用

 Mockito.doReturn(mockedSomeObject).when(myService).methodB();

还将其他模拟调用更改为此

Also change the other mock call to this

Mockito.doReturn(stuff).when(serviceA).method();
Mockito.doReturn(otherStuff).when(serviceB).method();

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