我遇到了这个:
>>> import os
>>> os.system('ls')
file.txt README
0
os.system()
的返回值是什么一个>?为什么我得到 0?
What is return value of os.system()
? Why I get 0?
os.system
依赖于操作系统.
The return value of os.system
is OS-dependant.
在 Unix 上,返回值是一个 16 位数字,其中包含两条不同的信息.来自文档:
On Unix, the return value is a 16-bit number that contains two different pieces of information. From the documentation:
一个16位的数字,低字节是杀死进程的信号号,高字节是退出状态(如果信号号为零)
a 16-bit number, whose low byte is the signal number that killed the process, and whose high byte is the exit status (if the signal number is zero)
所以如果信号号(低字节)为0,理论上将结果移位8位(result >>8
)得到错误码是安全的.函数 os.WEXITSTATUS
确实正是这个.如果错误码为0,则通常表示进程无错误退出.
So if the signal number (low byte) is 0, it would, in theory, be safe to shift the result by 8 bits (result >> 8
) to get the error code. The function os.WEXITSTATUS
does exactly this. If the error code is 0, that usually means that the process exited without errors.
在 Windows 上,文档指定 os.system
的返回值取决于 shell.如果shell是cmd.exe
(默认),则值为进程的返回码.同样,0 表示没有错误.
On Windows, the documentation specifies that the return value of os.system
is shell-dependant. If the shell is cmd.exe
(the default one), the value is the return code of the process. Again, 0 would mean that there weren't errors.
对于其他错误代码:
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