检查是否安装了包的 Pythonic 方法

问题描述

检查安装在 Centos/Redhat 中的软件包列表的 Pythonic 方法?

Pythonic way to check list of packages installed in Centos/Redhat?

在 bash 脚本中，我会这样做:

In a bash script, I'd do:

 rpm -qa | grep -w packagename

推荐答案

import sys
import rpm

ts = rpm.TransactionSet()
mi = ts.dbMatch( 'name', sys.argv[1] )
try :
    h = mi.next()
    print "%s-%s-%s" % (h['name'], h['version'], h['release'])
except StopIteration:
    print "Package not found"

1. TransactionSet() 将打开 RPM 数据库
2. 不带参数的dbMatch会设置一个匹配迭代器来遍历整个安装的包，你可以在匹配迭代器上调用next来获取下一个条目，一个代表一个包的头对象

3. dbMatch 也可用于查询特定的包，您需要传递一个标签的名称，以及您要查找的该标签的值:

1. TransactionSet() will open the RPM database
2. dbMatch with no paramters will set up a match iterator to go over the entire set of installed packages, you can call next on the match iterator to get the next entry, a header object that represents one package

3. dbMatch can also be used to query specific packages, you need to pass the name of a tag, as well as the value for that tag that you are looking for:

dbMatch('name','mysql')

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