在树莓派上安装 PyQt5 for Python3.6

问题描述

由于我在较早的帖子和其他论坛中都找不到我的问题的答案，所以我想向 stackoverflow 社区寻求建议.

Since I found no answer for my question, neither in older posts nor in other forums, I want to ask the stackoverflow community for advice.

我使用的是树莓派 3B+，版本 9.4 (lite)，内核版本为 4.14.71-v7.

I am using a raspberry pi 3B+, version 9.4 (lite) with kernel version 4.14.71-v7.

我使用python3.6.我是这样安装的:

I use python3.6. I installed it as follows:

sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall
sudo apt-get install libreadline-gplv2-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev

cd /usr/src
sudo wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.0/Python-3.6.0.tgz
sudo tar xzf Python-3.6.0.tgz

sudo -s
cd Python-3.6.0
bash configure
make altinstall
exit

安装没有任何问题，一切正常.

Installation was without any trouble and everything works perfectly.

现在我想为 python3.6 安装 PyQt5 模块.我通常使用

Now I wanted to install the PyQt5 modul for python3.6. I usually use

sudo python3.6 -m pip install ...

用于安装 python3.6 的模块.尝试

for installing a modul for python3.6. Trying

sudo python3.6 -m pip install pyqt5

给我错误信息

 Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement PyQt5 (from versions: )
 No matching distribution found for PyQt5

所以我尝试了

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install qt5-default pyqt5-dev pyqt5-dev-tools

但它在树莓派上安装了 PyQt5 for python3.5(预装).

But it installed PyQt5 for python3.5 (which is preinstalled) on the raspberry.

那么有没有人知道如何使用或安装 PyQt5 以供后续安装python3.6?

So does anybody know how to use or install PyQt5 for the subsequently installed python3.6?

编辑 08.03.2019:
感谢 FlyingTeller.我开始从源代码构建.我按照以下步骤操作你的链接.

Edit 08.03.2019:
Thanks FlyingTeller. I started to build from source. I followed the steps from your link.

sudo apt-get update
cd /usr/src
sudo wget https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/static/Downloads/sip/sip-4.19.14.tar.gz
sudo tar xzf sip-4.19.14.tar.gz
cd sip-4.19.14
sudo -s
python3.6 configure.py --sip-module=PyQt5.sip 
make
make install

cd /usr/src
sudo wget https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/static/Downloads/PyQt5/PyQt5_gpl-5.12.tar.gz
sudo tar xzf PyQt5_gpl-5.12.tar.gz
cd PyQt5_gpl-5.12
python3.6 configure.py

然后我收到以下错误

Error: Use the --qmake argument to explicitly specify a working Qt qmake.

我认为我走对了，但我不明白 qmake 是什么或它是什么意思.

I think I am on the right way, but I do not understand what qmake is or what it means.

编辑 10.03.2019:
我可以解决最后一条错误消息.我安装了

Edit 10.03.2019:
I could solve the last error message. I installed

sudo apt-get install qt5-default

然后我做了与已经提到的相同的程序.现在我得到错误

Then I did the same procedure as already mentioned. Now I get the error

fatal error: sip.h: File or directory not found 
#include <sip.h>

PyQt5 config.py 位于:/usr/src/PyQt5_gpl-5.12
SIP sip.h 在:/usr/src/sip-4.19.14

PyQt5 config.py is in: /usr/src/PyQt5_gpl-5.12
SIP sip.h is in: /usr/src/sip-4.19.14

有人有想法吗?谢谢大家.

Anybody an idea? Thanks guys.

推荐答案

今天我找到了解决方案.以下步骤对我有用，没有任何错误.整个过程花了将近两个小时.

Today I found the solution. The steps below worked for me, without any error. The whole process took almost two hours.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install qt5-default
sudo apt-get install sip-dev

cd /usr/src
sudo wget https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/static/Downloads/sip/sip-4.19.14.tar.gz
sudo tar xzf sip-4.19.14.tar.gz
cd sip-4.19.14
sudo python3.6 configure.py --sip-module PyQt5.sip
sudo make
sudo make install

cd /usr/src
sudo wget https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/static/Downloads/PyQt5/PyQt5_gpl-5.12.tar.gz
sudo tar xzf PyQt5_gpl-5.12.tar.gz
cd PyQt5_gpl-5.12
sudo python3.6 configure.py
sudo make
sudo make install

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