在 PHP 中合并 XML 文件

问题描述

我有 2 个文件 1.xml 和 2.xml 都具有相似的结构，我想要一个.我尝试了很多解决方案，但只有错误 - 坦率地说，我不知道这些脚本是如何工作的.

I have 2 files 1.xml and 2.xml both having similar structure and I would like to have one. I tried many solutions but I had errors only - frankly speaking I have no idea how those scripts worked.

1.xml:

<res>
    <items total="180">
        <item>
            <id>1</id>
            <title>Title 1</title>
            <author>Author 1</author>
        </item>
        ...
    </items>
</res> 

2.xml:

<res>
    <items total="123">
        <item>
            <id>190</id>
            <title>Title 190</title>
            <author>Author 190</author>
        </item>
        ...
    </items>
</res> 

我想创建一个具有以下结构的新文件 merged.xml

I would like to create a new file merged.xml with the following structure

<res>
    <items total="303">
        <item>
            <id>1</id>
            <title>Title 1</title>
            <author>Author 1</author>
        </item>
        ...  //items from 1.xml
        <item>
            <id>190</id>
            <title>Title 190</title>
            <author>Author 190</author>
        </item>
        ... //items from 2.xml
    </items>
</res> 

我该怎么做?你能解释一下怎么做吗?我该如何处理更多文件?谢谢

How should I do that? Can you explain me the way to do it? How can I do it with more files? Thanks

编辑

我尝试了什么?

<?php
function mergeXML(&$base, $add)
{
    if ( $add->count() != 0 )
    $new = $base->addChild($add->getName());
    else
        $new = $base->addChild($add->getName(), $add);
    foreach ($add->attributes() as $a => $b)
    {
        $new->addAttribute($a, $b);
    }
    if ( $add->count() != 0 )
    {
       foreach ($add->children() as $child)
        {
            mergeXML($new, $child);
        }
    }
}
$xml = mergeXML(simplexml_load_file('1.xml'), simplexml_load_file('2.xml'));
echo $xml->asXML(merged.xml);
?>

EDIT2

按照 Torious 的建议，我查看了 DOMDocument 手册并找到了一个示例:

Following Torious advice I looked into DOMDocument manual and found an example:

function joinXML($parent, $child, $tag = null)
{
    $DOMChild = new DOMDocument;
    $DOMChild->load($child);
    $node = $DOMChild->documentElement;

    $DOMParent = new DOMDocument;
    $DOMParent->formatOutput = true;
    $DOMParent->load($parent);

    $node = $DOMParent->importNode($node, true);

    if ($tag !== null) {
        $tag = $DOMParent->getElementsByTagName($tag)->item(0);
        $tag->appendChild($node);
    } else {
        $DOMParent->documentElement->appendChild($node);
    }

    return $DOMParent->save('merged.xml');
}

joinXML('1.xml', '2.xml')

但它创建了错误的 xml 文件:

But it creates wrong xml file:

<res>
    <items total="180">
        <item>
            <id>1</id>
            <title>Title 1</title>
            <author>Author 1</author>
        </item>
        ...
    </items>
    <res>
        <items total="123">
            <item>
                <id>190</id>
                <title>Title 190</title>
                <author>Author 190</author>
            </item>
            ...
        </items>
    </res> 
</res>  

而且我无法正确使用此文件.我需要正确的结构，在这里我可以将一个文件粘贴到另一个文件中.我想粘贴"仅项目而不是所有标签.我应该改变什么?

And I cannot use this file properly. I need correct structure and here I have kind of pasting one file into another. I would like to "paste" only item's not all tags. What should I change?

编辑3

这是一个答案 - 基于 Torious 的答案 - 只是根据我的需要进行了调整 - 检查//edited

here is an answer - based on Torious answer - just adapted it to my needs - check //edited

$doc1 = new DOMDocument();
$doc1->load('1.xml');

$doc2 = new DOMDocument();
$doc2->load('2.xml');

// get 'res' element of document 1
$res1 = $doc1->getElementsByTagName('items')->item(0); //edited res - items

// iterate over 'item' elements of document 2
$items2 = $doc2->getElementsByTagName('item');
for ($i = 0; $i < $items2->length; $i ++) {
    $item2 = $items2->item($i);

    // import/copy item from document 2 to document 1
    $item1 = $doc1->importNode($item2, true);

    // append imported item to document 1 'res' element
    $res1->appendChild($item1);

}
$doc1->save('merged.xml'); //edited -added saving into xml file

推荐答案

既然你付出了努力，我已经编写了一些应该有用的东西.

Since you've put an effort in, I've coded something that should work.

请注意，这是未经测试的代码，但您懂的.

把它变成漂亮的函数取决于你.确保您了解正在发生的事情；能够使用 DOM 可能会在很多未来的场景中帮助你.DOM 标准很酷的一点是，您可以在许多不同的编程语言/平台中使用几乎相同的操作.

It's up to you to make it into pretty functions. Make sure you understand what's going on; being able to work with the DOM will probably help you out in a lot of future scenarios. The cool thing about the DOM standard is that you have pretty much the same operations in many different programming languages/platforms.

    $doc1 = new DOMDocument();
    $doc1->load('1.xml');

    $doc2 = new DOMDocument();
    $doc2->load('2.xml');

    // get 'res' element of document 1
    $res1 = $doc1->getElementsByTagName('res')->item(0);

    // iterate over 'item' elements of document 2
    $items2 = $doc2->getElementsByTagName('item');
    for ($i = 0; $i < $items2->length; $i ++) {
        $item2 = $items2->item($i);

        // import/copy item from document 2 to document 1
        $item1 = $doc1->importNode($item2, true);

        // append imported item to document 1 'res' element
        $res1->appendChild($item1);

    }

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