带有 foreach 和 fetch 的 PHP PDO

问题描述

以下代码:

<?php
try {
    $dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$hostname;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    echo "Connection is successful!<br/>";
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
    $users = $dbh->query($sql);
    foreach ($users as $row) {
        print $row["name"] . "-" . $row["sex"] ."<br/>";
    }
    foreach ($users as $row) {
        print $row["name"] . "-" . $row["sex"] ."<br/>";
    }
    $dbh = null;
}
catch (PDOexception $e) {
    echo "Error is: " . $e-> etmessage();
}

输出:

Connection is successful!

person A-male
person B-female

运行foreach"两次不是我的目的，我只是好奇为什么两个foreach"语句只输出一次结果?

Running "foreach" twice is not my purpose, I'm just curious why TWO "foreach" statements only output the result once?

以下是类似的情况:

<?php
try {
    $dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$hostname;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    echo "Connection is successful!<br/>";
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
    $users = $dbh->query($sql);
    foreach ($users as $row) {
        print $row["name"] . "-" . $row["sex"] ."<br/>";
    }
    echo "<br/>";
    $result = $users->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    foreach($result as $key => $value) {
        echo $key . "-" . $value . "<br/>";
    }
    $dbh = null;
}
catch (PDOexception $e) {
    echo "Error is: " . $e-> etmessage();
}

输出:

Connection is successful!

person A-male
person B-female

SCREAM: Error suppression ignored for
Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach()

但是当我从上面的代码中删除第一个foreach"时，输出会变得正常:

But when I delete the first "foreach" from the above codes, the output will become normal:

<?php
try {
    $dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$hostname;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    echo "Connection is successful!<br/>";
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
    $users = $dbh->query($sql);

    echo "<br/>";
    $result = $users->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    foreach($result as $key => $value) {
        echo $key . "-" . $value . "<br/>";
    }
    $dbh = null;
}
catch (PDOexception $e) {
    echo "Error is: " . $e-> etmessage();
}

输出:

Connection is successful!

user_id-0000000001
name-person A
sex-male

为什么会发生这种情况?

Why does this happen?

推荐答案

A PDOStatement(您在 $users 中有)是一个前向光标.这意味着，一旦使用(第一次 foreach 迭代)，它就不会倒回到结果集的开头.

A PDOStatement (which you have in $users) is a forward-cursor. That means, once consumed (the first foreach iteration), it won't rewind to the beginning of the resultset.

可以在foreach之后关闭游标，再次执行语句:

You can close the cursor after the foreach and execute the statement again:

$users       = $dbh->query($sql);
foreach ($users as $row) {
    print $row["name"] . " - " . $row["sex"] . "<br/>";
}

$users->execute();

foreach ($users as $row) {
    print $row["name"] . " - " . $row["sex"] . "<br/>";
}

或者你可以使用定制的 CachingIterator 和完整缓存来缓存:

Or you could cache using tailored CachingIterator with a fullcache:

$users       = $dbh->query($sql);

$usersCached = new CachedPDOStatement($users);

foreach ($usersCached as $row) {
    print $row["name"] . " - " . $row["sex"] . "<br/>";
}
foreach ($usersCached as $row) {
    print $row["name"] . " - " . $row["sex"] . "<br/>";
}

您找到CachedPDOStatement 类作为要点.缓存迭代器可能比将结果集存储到数组中更合理，因为它仍然提供它所包装的 PDOStatement 对象的所有属性和方法.

You find the CachedPDOStatement class as a gist. The caching iterator is probably more sane than storing the result set into an array because it still offers all properties and methods of the PDOStatement object it has wrapped.

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