MVC模式中使用PHP的控制器的目的是什么?

问题描述

我刚刚进入 MVC 设计模式.这里的一个简单示例并没有明确我对控制器使用的概念.能否请您解释一下控制器的实际使用，同时保持简单.

I am just heading into MVC design pattern. A simple example here does not clear my concept about the use of controller. Could you please explain real use of controller while keeping it simple.

型号:

    class Model {
       public $text;

       public function __construct() {
           $this->text = 'Hello world!';
       }        
    }

控制器:

      class Controller {
          private $model;

          public function __construct(Model $model) {
              $this->model = $model;
          }
      }

查看:

      class View {
         private $model;
         //private $controller;

         public function __construct(/*Controller $controller,*/ Model $model) {
             //$this->controller = $controller;
             $this->model = $model;
         }

          public function output() {
               return '<h1>' . $this->model->text .'</h1>';
         }

      }

索引:

      require_once('Model.php'); 
      require_once('Controller.php');
      require_once('View.php');

      //initiate the triad
      $model = new Model();
      //It is important that the controller and the view share the model
      //$controller = new Controller($model);
      $view = new View(/*$controller,*/ $model);
      echo $view->output();

推荐答案

MVC 模式中控制器的目的是改变模型层的状态.

Controllers purpose in MVC pattern is to alter the state of model layer.

它是通过控制器接收用户输入来完成的(优选 - 抽象为诸如 Request 实例之类的东西)，然后根据从用户输入中提取的参数，传递模型层适当部分的值.

It's done by controller receiving user input (preferable - abstracted as some thing like Request instance) and then, based on parameters that are extracted from the user input, passes the values to appropriate parts of model layer.

与模型层的通信通常通过各种服务发生.反过来，这些服务负责管理持久性抽象和域/业务对象之间的交互，也称为应用程序逻辑".

The communication with model layer usually happens via various services. These services in turn are responsible for governing the interaction between persistence abstraction and domain/business objects, or also called "application logic".

class Account extends ComponentsController
{

    private $recognition;

    public function __construct(ModelServicesRecognition $recognition)
    {
        $this->recognition = $recognition;
    }

    public function postLogin($request)
    {    
        $this->recognition->authenticate(
            $request->getParameter('credentials'),
            $request->getParameter('method')
        );
    }

    // other methods
    
}

控制者不负责什么?

MVC 架构模式中的控制器不负责:

• 初始化部分模型层
• 从模型层检索数据
• 输入验证
• 初始化视图
• 选择模板
• 创建响应
• 访问控制
• ...等

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