我正在尝试使用 Cucumber/Java 编写一些 selenium 自动化 UI 测试.如果我的功能文件中只有一个测试,那么一切正常.但是,如果我添加第二个测试,我会在 driver.get()
上收到此错误:
I am trying to write some selenium automated UI tests using Cucumber/Java. If I have only one test in my feature file, everything works fine. But if I add a second test, I get this error on driver.get()
:
org.openqa.selenium.remote.SessionNotFoundException: Session ID is null. Using WebDriver after calling quit()?
Build info: version: '2.51.0', revision: '1af067dbcaedd7d2ab9af5151fc471d363d97193', time: '2016-02-05 11:20:57'
基本上,我在一个包中的 InitializeWebdriver 类上初始化 webdriver 变量,然后在其他(步骤定义)类中引用它.我确实将下面列出的步骤定义作为 InitializeWebdriver 类的一部分,并且它工作得很好(直到移动到不同类中的不同步骤.所以我将该步骤移动到 CommonSteps.java 文件以查看它是否然后会失败,确实如此.所以现在我被卡住了.我正在考虑在 @Before
中执行 if (driver.equals(null))
和如果已经初始化,则执行不同的操作,但我不知道其他操作会是什么.
Basically, I am initializing the webdriver variable on the InitializeWebdriver class in one package, and then referencing it in the other (step definition) classes. I did have the step definition listed below as a part of the InitializeWebdriver class, and it was working just fine (until moved on to a different step in a different class. So I moved that step to a CommonSteps.java file to see if it would then fail, and it did. So now I'm just stuck. I was thinking of doing an if (driver.equals(null))
in the @Before
and doing a different action if had already been initialized, but I don't know what that other action would be.
这是我的代码:
tests.feature
tests.feature
Feature: Two tests
Background:
Given I navigate to "http://www.google.com"
Scenario: Test one
When something happens
Scenario: Test two
When something else happens
初始化WebDriver.java
InitializeWebDriver.java
public class InitializeWebDriver {
public static WebDriver driver = null;
@Before
public void beforeScenario() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
}
@After
public void afterScenario() {
driver.quit();
}
}
CommonSteps.java
CommonSteps.java
import myPackage.InitializeWebDriver;
public class CommonSteps {
static WebDriver driver = InitializeWebDriver.driver;
@Given("^I navigate to "([^"]*)"$")
public void i_navigate_to(String url) {
driver.get(value);
}
谢谢!
我不认为 driver
是 null
,那会导致 NullPointerException
并且它无法知道将其转换为 SessionNotFoundException
.所以看起来 driver
已经创建然后结束,即 .quit()
被调用得太快,如错误消息中所建议的那样.
I don't think driver
is null
, that would cause a NullPointerException
and it would have no way of knowing to convert it to a SessionNotFoundException
. So it looks like driver
has been created and then ended, i.e. .quit()
has been called too soon, as suggested in the error message.
这是我认为正在发生的事情:
Here's what I think is happening:
@Before
.这会导致 InitializeWebDriver.driver
被设置为新的 WebDriver
.CommonSteps
,所以CommonSteps.driver
被设置为刚刚创建的WebDriver
.李>.quit()
被 WebDriver
调用,在 @After
方法中.@Before
方法中创建了一个新的 WebDriver
.InitializeWebDriver.driver
已更新;但是,CommonSteps.driver
不会更新,因为 driver = InitializeWebDriver.driver;
仅在 CommonSteps
首次加载时发生.driver.get(value)
时,driver
就是原来的WebDriver
,已经是了.quit()
.@Before
. This causes InitializeWebDriver.driver
to be set as the new WebDriver
.CommonSteps
, so CommonSteps.driver
is set to the WebDriver
that was just created..quit()
is called on the WebDriver
, in the @After
method.WebDriver
is created in the @Before
method. InitializeWebDriver.driver
is updated; however, CommonSteps.driver
is not updated, because the driver = InitializeWebDriver.driver;
only happens when CommonSteps
is first loaded.driver.get(value)
, driver
is the original WebDriver
, which has already been .quit()
.这是假设您正在连续运行测试.如果它们是并行的,那就有点不同了.
This is assuming you're running the tests in series. If they're in parallel then it will be a bit different.
基本上,问题在于您为 WebDriver
使用静态属性,不应该在不同的测试运行之间共享这些属性.自从我做这些事情以来已经有一段时间了,我不记得您如何存储范围为测试运行的变量.(无论如何我都无法肯定地回答,因为你没有说你正在使用哪个测试框架:JUnit,还是别的什么?)所以你必须自己修复它,或者询问如何在您使用的任何框架中获取测试范围的变量.
Basically the problem is that you're using static attributes for WebDriver
, which shouldn't be shared between different test runs. It's a while since I've done this stuff, and I don't remember how you store variables scoped to a test run. (In any case I wouldn't be able to answer with certainty, since you haven't said which test framework you're using: JUnit, or something else?) So you'll have to fix it yourself, or ask how to get test-scoped variables in whatever framework you're using.
如果你想正确地做到这一点.如果您只是想要一个便宜的修复,并且如果您不打算并行运行测试,我怀疑您可以通过将 driver.get(value);
更改为 InitializeWebDriver 来修复它.driver.get(value);
.事实上,我建议你尝试改变它,以确保我在这方面是正确的.
That's if you want to do it properly. If you just want a cheap fix, and if you're not planning to run tests in parallel, I suspect that you can fix it by changing driver.get(value);
to InitializeWebDriver.driver.get(value);
. In fact, I suggest you try changing that anyway, just to make sure I'm right about this.
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