C#:重定向控制台应用程序输出:如何刷新输出?

问题描述

我正在生成外部控制台应用程序并使用异步输出重定向.
如本文所示

I am spawning external console application and use async output redirect.
as shown in this SO post

我的问题是，在我收到 OutputDataReceived 事件通知之前，生成的进程似乎需要产生一定数量的输出.

My problem is it seems that the spawned process needs to produce certain amount of output before I get the OutputDataReceived event notification.

我想尽快收到 OutputDataReceived 事件.

I want to receive the OutputDataReceived event as soon as possible.

我有一个简单的重定向应用程序，这里有一些观察:
1. 当我调用一个简单的 'while(true) print("X");'控制台应用程序 (C#) 我立即收到输出事件.2. 当我调用 3d 派对应用程序时，我试图 从命令行 换行，我看到了逐行输出.
3. 当我从我的准系统包装器(见 1)中调用该 3d 派对应用程序时 - 输出以块的形式出现(大约一页大小).

I have a bare-bones redirecting application, and here are some observations:
1. When I call a simple 'while(true) print("X");' console application (C#) I receive output event immediately. 2. When I call a 3d party app I am trying to wrap from the command line I see the line-by-line output.
3. When I call that 3d party app from my bare-bone wrapper (see 1) - the output comes in chunks (about one page size).

该应用程序内部发生了什么?

What happens inside that app?

仅供参考:有问题的应用是USBee DX Data Exctarctor(异步总线)v1.0".

FYI: The app in question is a "USBee DX Data Exctarctor (Async bus) v1.0".

推荐答案

我做了更多的研究并修复了微软的 Process 类.但由于我的上一个答案被无故删除，我不得不创建一个新答案.

I did some more research and have a fix to microsofts Process class. But as my last answer was deleted without a reason, I have had to create a new one.

所以举个例子……

创建一个 windows 应用并在主窗体上粘贴一个富文本框，然后将其添加到窗体加载...

Create a windows app and stick a rich textbox on the main form, then add this to the form load...

        Process p = new Process()
        {
            StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo()
            {
                FileName = "cmd.exe",
                CreateNoWindow = true,
                UseShellExecute = false,
                ErrorDialog = false,
                RedirectStandardInput = true,
                RedirectStandardOutput = true,
                RedirectStandardError = true,
            },
            EnableRaisingEvents = true,
            SynchronizingObject = this
        };

        p.OutputDataReceived += (s, ea) => this.richTextBox1.AppendText(ea.Data);

        p.Start();
        p.BeginOutputReadLine();

这将输出类似这样的内容...

This will output something like this...

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

OutputDataReceived 事件不会为最后一行触发.在进行了一些 ILSpying 之后，这似乎是故意的，因为最后一行没有以 crlf 结尾，它假定还有更多的comming 并将其附加到下一个事件的开头.

The OutputDataReceived event is not fired for the last line. After some ILSpying it appears that this is deliberate because the last line does not end with a crlf, it assumes there is more comming and appends it to the start of the next event.

为了纠正这个问题，我为 Process 类编写了一个包装器，并从中取出了一些必需的内部类，以便它可以整齐地工作.这是 FixedProcess 类...

To correct this, I have written a wrapper for the Process class and taken some of the required internal classes out with it so that it all works neatly. Here is the FixedProcess class...

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace System.Diagnostics
{
    internal delegate void UserCallBack(string data);
    public delegate void DataReceivedEventHandler(object sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e);

    public class FixedProcess : Process
    {
        internal AsyncStreamReader output;
        internal AsyncStreamReader error;
        public event DataReceivedEventHandler OutputDataReceived;
        public event DataReceivedEventHandler ErrorDataReceived;

        public new void BeginOutputReadLine()
        {
            Stream baseStream = StandardOutput.BaseStream;
            this.output = new AsyncStreamReader(this, baseStream, new UserCallBack(this.FixedOutputReadNotifyUser), StandardOutput.CurrentEncoding);
            this.output.BeginReadLine();
        }

        public void BeginErrorReadLine()
        {
            Stream baseStream = StandardError.BaseStream;
            this.error = new AsyncStreamReader(this, baseStream, new UserCallBack(this.FixedErrorReadNotifyUser), StandardError.CurrentEncoding);
            this.error.BeginReadLine();
        }

        internal void FixedOutputReadNotifyUser(string data)
        {
            DataReceivedEventHandler outputDataReceived = this.OutputDataReceived;
            if (outputDataReceived != null)
            {
                DataReceivedEventArgs dataReceivedEventArgs = new DataReceivedEventArgs(data);
                if (this.SynchronizingObject != null && this.SynchronizingObject.InvokeRequired)
                {
                    this.SynchronizingObject.Invoke(outputDataReceived, new object[]
                    {
                        this, 
                        dataReceivedEventArgs
                    });
                    return;
                }
                outputDataReceived(this, dataReceivedEventArgs);
            }
        }

        internal void FixedErrorReadNotifyUser(string data)
        {
            DataReceivedEventHandler errorDataReceived = this.ErrorDataReceived;
            if (errorDataReceived != null)
            {
                DataReceivedEventArgs dataReceivedEventArgs = new DataReceivedEventArgs(data);
                if (this.SynchronizingObject != null && this.SynchronizingObject.InvokeRequired)
                {
                    this.SynchronizingObject.Invoke(errorDataReceived, new object[]
                    {
                        this, 
                        dataReceivedEventArgs
                    });
                    return;
                }
                errorDataReceived(this, dataReceivedEventArgs);
            }
        }
    }

    internal class AsyncStreamReader : IDisposable
    {
        internal const int DefaultBufferSize = 1024;
        private const int MinBufferSize = 128;
        private Stream stream;
        private Encoding encoding;
        private Decoder decoder;
        private byte[] byteBuffer;
        private char[] charBuffer;
        private int _maxCharsPerBuffer;
        private Process process;
        private UserCallBack userCallBack;
        private bool cancelOperation;
        private ManualResetEvent eofEvent;
        private Queue messageQueue;
        private StringBuilder sb;
        private bool bLastCarriageReturn;
        public virtual Encoding CurrentEncoding
        {
            get
            {
                return this.encoding;
            }
        }
        public virtual Stream BaseStream
        {
            get
            {
                return this.stream;
            }
        }
        internal AsyncStreamReader(Process process, Stream stream, UserCallBack callback, Encoding encoding)
            : this(process, stream, callback, encoding, 1024)
        {
        }
        internal AsyncStreamReader(Process process, Stream stream, UserCallBack callback, Encoding encoding, int bufferSize)
        {
            this.Init(process, stream, callback, encoding, bufferSize);
            this.messageQueue = new Queue();
        }
        private void Init(Process process, Stream stream, UserCallBack callback, Encoding encoding, int bufferSize)
        {
            this.process = process;
            this.stream = stream;
            this.encoding = encoding;
            this.userCallBack = callback;
            this.decoder = encoding.GetDecoder();
            if (bufferSize < 128)
            {
                bufferSize = 128;
            }
            this.byteBuffer = new byte[bufferSize];
            this._maxCharsPerBuffer = encoding.GetMaxCharCount(bufferSize);
            this.charBuffer = new char[this._maxCharsPerBuffer];
            this.cancelOperation = false;
            this.eofEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
            this.sb = null;
            this.bLastCarriageReturn = false;
        }
        public virtual void Close()
        {
            this.Dispose(true);
        }
        void IDisposable.Dispose()
        {
            this.Dispose(true);
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }
        protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && this.stream != null)
            {
                this.stream.Close();
            }
            if (this.stream != null)
            {
                this.stream = null;
                this.encoding = null;
                this.decoder = null;
                this.byteBuffer = null;
                this.charBuffer = null;
            }
            if (this.eofEvent != null)
            {
                this.eofEvent.Close();
                this.eofEvent = null;
            }
        }
        internal void BeginReadLine()
        {
            if (this.cancelOperation)
            {
                this.cancelOperation = false;
            }
            if (this.sb == null)
            {
                this.sb = new StringBuilder(1024);
                this.stream.BeginRead(this.byteBuffer, 0, this.byteBuffer.Length, new AsyncCallback(this.ReadBuffer), null);
                return;
            }
            this.FlushMessageQueue();
        }
        internal void CancelOperation()
        {
            this.cancelOperation = true;
        }
        private void ReadBuffer(IAsyncResult ar)
        {
            int num;
            try
            {
                num = this.stream.EndRead(ar);
            }
            catch (IOException)
            {
                num = 0;
            }
            catch (OperationCanceledException)
            {
                num = 0;
            }
            if (num == 0)
            {
                lock (this.messageQueue)
                {
                    if (this.sb.Length != 0)
                    {
                        this.messageQueue.Enqueue(this.sb.ToString());
                        this.sb.Length = 0;
                    }
                    this.messageQueue.Enqueue(null);
                }
                try
                {
                    this.FlushMessageQueue();
                    return;
                }
                finally
                {
                    this.eofEvent.Set();
                }
            }
            int chars = this.decoder.GetChars(this.byteBuffer, 0, num, this.charBuffer, 0);
            this.sb.Append(this.charBuffer, 0, chars);
            this.GetLinesFromStringBuilder();
            this.stream.BeginRead(this.byteBuffer, 0, this.byteBuffer.Length, new AsyncCallback(this.ReadBuffer), null);
        }
        private void GetLinesFromStringBuilder()
        {
            int i = 0;
            int num = 0;
            int length = this.sb.Length;
            if (this.bLastCarriageReturn && length > 0 && this.sb[0] == '
')
            {
                i = 1;
                num = 1;
                this.bLastCarriageReturn = false;
            }
            while (i < length)
        {
            char c = this.sb[i];
            if (c == '
' || c == '
')
            {
                if (c == '
' && i + 1 < length && this.sb[i + 1] == '
')
                {
                    i++;
                }

                string obj = this.sb.ToString(num, i + 1 - num);

                num = i + 1;

                lock (this.messageQueue)
                {
                    this.messageQueue.Enqueue(obj);
                }
            }
            i++;
        }

            // Flush Fix: Send Whatever is left in the buffer
            string endOfBuffer = this.sb.ToString(num, length - num);
            lock (this.messageQueue)
            {
                this.messageQueue.Enqueue(endOfBuffer);
                num = length;
            }
            // End Flush Fix

            if (this.sb[length - 1] == '
')
            {
                this.bLastCarriageReturn = true;
            }
            if (num < length)
            {
                this.sb.Remove(0, num);
            }
            else
            {
                this.sb.Length = 0;
            }
            this.FlushMessageQueue();
        }
        private void FlushMessageQueue()
        {
            while (this.messageQueue.Count > 0)
            {
                lock (this.messageQueue)
                {
                    if (this.messageQueue.Count > 0)
                    {
                        string data = (string)this.messageQueue.Dequeue();
                        if (!this.cancelOperation)
                        {
                            this.userCallBack(data);
                        }
                    }
                    continue;
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        internal void WaitUtilEOF()
        {
            if (this.eofEvent != null)
            {
                this.eofEvent.WaitOne();
                this.eofEvent.Close();
                this.eofEvent = null;
            }
        }
    }

    public class DataReceivedEventArgs : EventArgs
    {
        internal string _data;
        /// <summary>Gets the line of characters that was written to a redirected <see cref="T:System.Diagnostics.Process" /> output stream.</summary>
        /// <returns>The line that was written by an associated <see cref="T:System.Diagnostics.Process" /> to its redirected <see cref="P:System.Diagnostics.Process.StandardOutput" /> or <see cref="P:System.Diagnostics.Process.StandardError" /> stream.</returns>
        /// <filterpriority>2</filterpriority>
        public string Data
        {
            get
            {
                return this._data;
            }
        }
        internal DataReceivedEventArgs(string data)
        {
            this._data = data;
        }
    }
}

将其粘贴在您的项目中，然后更改...

Stick that in your project and then change ...

Process p = new Process()
{
    ....

到

FixedProcess p = new FixedProcess()
{
    ....

现在您的应用程序应该显示类似这样的内容...

Now your application should display something like this...

Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]

Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

C:ProjectsFixedProcessinDebug>

无需对现有代码进行任何其他更改.它仍然是异步的并且包装得很好.需要注意的是，现在您将获得大量输出的多个事件，中间可能会出现中断，因此您需要自己处理这种情况.除此之外，应该都很好.

without needing to make any other changes to your existing code. It is also still async and wrapped up nicely. The one caveat is that now you will get multiple events for large output with potential breaks in-between, so you will need to handle this scenario yourself. Other than that, it should be all good.

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