*& 的含义和**&在 C++ 中

问题描述

我在函数声明中多次发现这些符号，但我不知道它们是什么意思.

I found these symbols in a function declaration several times, but I don't know what they mean.

示例:

void raccogli_dati(double **& V, double **p, int N) { 
  int ultimo = 3; 
  V = new double * [N/2]; 
  for(int i=0; i < N/2; i++) { 
    V[i] = new double[N/2], std :: clog << "digita " << N/2 - i
                 << " valori per la parte superiore della matrice V: "; 
    for(int j=i; j < N/2; j++) 
      std :: cin >> V[i][j], p[ultimo++][0] = (V[i][j] /= sqrt(p[i][0]*p[j][0]));
  } 
  for(int i=1; i < N/2; i++) 
    for(int j=0; j < i; j++) 
       V[i][j] = V[j][i];
}

推荐答案

即以引用方式取参数.因此，在第一种情况下，您通过引用获取指针参数，因此您对指针值所做的任何修改都会反映在函数之外.第二个与第一个相似，唯一的区别是它是一个双指针.看这个例子:

That is taking the parameter by reference. So in the first case you are taking a pointer parameter by reference so whatever modification you do to the value of the pointer is reflected outside the function. Second is the simlilar to first one with the only difference being that it is a double pointer. See this example:

void pass_by_value(int* p)
{
    //Allocate memory for int and store the address in p
    p = new int;
}

void pass_by_reference(int*& p)
{
    p = new int;
}

int main()
{
    int* p1 = NULL;
    int* p2 = NULL;

    pass_by_value(p1); //p1 will still be NULL after this call
    pass_by_reference(p2); //p2 's value is changed to point to the newly allocate memory

    return 0;
}

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