将 Unicode UTF-8 文件读入 wstring

问题描述

如何在 Windows 平台上将 Unicode (UTF-8) 文件读入 wstring(s)?

How can I read a Unicode (UTF-8) file into wstring(s) on the Windows platform?

推荐答案

在 C++11 支持下，您可以使用 std::codecvt_utf8 facet 封装了UTF-8编码的字节串与UCS2或UCS4字符串之间的转换，可用于读写UTF-8文件, 文本和二进制.

With C++11 support, you can use std::codecvt_utf8 facet which encapsulates conversion between a UTF-8 encoded byte string and UCS2 or UCS4 character string and which can be used to read and write UTF-8 files, both text and binary.

为了使用facet，您通常会创建区域设置对象 将特定于文化的信息封装为一组共同定义特定本地化环境的方面.一旦您有了区域设置对象，您可以注入您的流缓冲区:

In order to use facet you usually create locale object that encapsulates culture-specific information as a set of facets that collectively define a specific localized environment. Once you have a locale object, you can imbue your stream buffer with it:

#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <codecvt>

std::wstring readFile(const char* filename)
{
    std::wifstream wif(filename);
    wif.imbue(std::locale(std::locale::empty(), new std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>));
    std::wstringstream wss;
    wss << wif.rdbuf();
    return wss.str();
}

可以这样使用:

std::wstring wstr = readFile("a.txt");

或者，您可以在使用字符串流之前设置全局 C++ 语言环境， 导致所有未来对 std::locale 默认构造函数的调用返回全局 C++ 语言环境的副本(然后您不需要显式地将其注入流缓冲区):

Alternatively you can set the global C++ locale before you work with string streams which causes all future calls to the std::locale default constructor to return a copy of the global C++ locale (you don't need to explicitly imbue stream buffers with it then):

std::locale::global(std::locale(std::locale::empty(), new std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>));

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